{"id":64997,"date":"2017-11-06T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2017-11-06T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/?p=64997"},"modified":"2017-11-06T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2017-11-06T00:00:00","slug":"urartu-torunu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/2017\/11\/06\/urartu-torunu\/","title":{"rendered":"Urartu torunu"},"content":{"rendered":"Ayaklar\u0131n\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131yordu G\u00f6l’de\r
G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f bir i\u011fneyle tutturulmu\u015f kentler\r
\u0130nip kalelerden korunganlardan.\r
G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f halkalar yay\u0131l\u0131yordu\r
Bunca kan\u0131, bunca utanc\u0131\r
Ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ac\u0131s\u0131nda suyun.\r
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Erdal Alova\/Birinci \u00c7o\u011ful \u015eark\u0131<\/i>\r
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***\r
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<\/a>Ekim ay\u0131n\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda, Urartu Uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n do\u011fup k\u00f6k sald\u0131\u011f\u0131 topraklarda (Van G\u00f6l\u00fc havzas\u0131) bir gezi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdik. Otob\u00fcs\u00fcm\u00fcz, ku\u015flar\u0131n \u015fenlik havas\u0131nda u\u00e7tu\u011fu bir zamanlar \u0130pek Yolu kervanlar\u0131n\u0131n dizi dizi ge\u00e7ti\u011fi G\u00fcrp\u0131nar ovas\u0131nda ilerliyordu. G\u00f6kte pamuk gibi bulutlar, alt\u0131n sar\u0131s\u0131na bulanm\u0131\u015f ya\u011fmura \u00f6zlemli da\u011flar, puslu sonbahar g\u00fcne\u015fi, \u0131l\u0131k r\u00fczg\u00e2r e\u015fli\u011finde \u00c7avu\u015ftepe Kalesi adl\u0131 \u00f6ren yerine gidiyorduk. Rehberimiz \u00f6ren yeri ile ilgili bilgiler verdi. Birazdan ula\u015faca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00f6ren yerinde bizi Mehmet Ku\u015fman ad\u0131nda bir bek\u00e7inin kar\u015f\u0131layaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, kendisinin elli be\u015f y\u0131ld\u0131r bu \u00f6ren yerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, d\u00fcnyada Urartucay\u0131 okuyan otuz sekiz ki\u015fiden biri, yazabilen tek ki\u015fi oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.\r
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Co\u015fkum ve \u00f6\u011frenme iste\u011fim iyice artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Hem Urartulara ait bir \u00f6ren yeri g\u00f6rece\u011fim i\u00e7in hem de s\u0131ra d\u0131\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011funu duyumsad\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir insan \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc dinleyebilece\u011fim i\u00e7in sevin\u00e7liydim. Nas\u0131l bir a\u015fk ve adanm\u0131\u015fl\u0131k \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc beni bekliyordu? Bakal\u0131m buradan nas\u0131l bir izlenimle ayr\u0131lacakt\u0131m?\r
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<\/a>Sonunda tozlu ke\u00e7iyolunda uzunca bir tepe \u00fczerinde bulunan \u00f6ren yerine ula\u015ft\u0131k. Mehmet Ku\u015fman, evine gelen konuklar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lar gibi kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131 bizi. P\u0131r\u0131l p\u0131r\u0131l giyinmi\u015f, boynuna bazalt ta\u015f\u0131ndan i\u015fledi\u011fi, \u00fczerinde Urartuca yaz\u0131lar olan bir madalyonlu akik kolye takm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Yak\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 do\u011frusu. Kendi eme\u011fini ve Urartuca a\u015fk\u0131n\u0131 boynunda ta\u015f\u0131yordu. Kolunda b\u00fcy\u00fck\u00e7e bir siyah okul \u00e7antas\u0131 ile g\u00f6reve haz\u0131r bekliyordu. \u00c7antan\u0131n i\u00e7i kitap doluydu. \u00d6zetle \u00c7avu\u015ftepe ile ilgili bilgiler \u015f\u00f6yle:\r
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Van’\u0131n 24 kilometre g\u00fcneydo\u011fusunda bulunan \u00c7avu\u015ftepe Kalesi M.\u00d6. 764 – 735 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcren Urartu Kral\u0131 II. Sarduri taraf\u0131ndan in\u015fa ettirilmi\u015f. 1961 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri bilim adamlar\u0131nca kaz\u0131 yap\u0131lan \u00c7avu\u015ftepe’de; A\u015fa\u011f\u0131 ve Yukar\u0131 Kale, ortada ana giri\u015f kap\u0131s\u0131 ile birle\u015fmektedir. Do\u011fuda bulunan Yukar\u0131 Kale’de b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kaya platformu ve Urartu Ba\u015f Tanr\u0131s\u0131 Haldi’ye ait tap\u0131nak bulunmaktad\u0131r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131 Kale’de \u00e7ok say\u0131da at\u00f6lye binalar\u0131, 4 – 5 metre y\u00fcksekli\u011finde ta\u015f surlar, saray, depo, mahzenler, Urartu Tanr\u0131s\u0131 \u0130rmu\u015fini’ye ait tap\u0131nak yer almaktad\u0131r.\r
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<\/a>Mehmet Ku\u015fman, evini gezdiren ev sahibi edas\u0131yla \u00f6ren yerini bize gezdirdi. Haritalar ve kitaplardan \u00f6ren yerinin canland\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi. Yaz\u0131tlar\u0131 okudu, sunak ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131, tuvalet ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131, \u00fcz\u00fcm ezilen tekneyi, tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131, kale duvarlar\u0131n\u0131 anlatt\u0131. Her biri birer ton bu\u011fday alan toprak k\u00fcplerin oldu\u011fu depo \u00f6n\u00fcne geldik. K\u00fcplerin a\u011fz\u0131 zar zor belli oluyordu. Koruma amac\u0131yla kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Mehmet Ku\u015fman \u00e7antas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fi\u015feden avucuna yan\u0131k bu\u011fdaylar d\u00f6kt\u00fc. \u0130ki bin sekiz y\u00fczy\u0131ll\u0131k bu\u011fdaylar\u0131 inceledik. Bug\u00fcne gelmi\u015f olmas\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u015fanst\u0131. T\u0131pk\u0131 Urartuca yaz\u0131tlar gibi. Ama as\u0131l \u015fans\u0131m\u0131z Mehmet Ku\u015fman ile tan\u0131\u015fmakt\u0131. Kendisini “Ben Urartu torunuyum” diye tan\u0131mlad\u0131.\r
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Mehmet Ku\u015fman’\u0131n \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc \u015f\u00f6yle:\r
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<\/a>1961 y\u0131l\u0131ndan 1988’e kadar Prof. Dr. Afif Erzen ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen \u00c7avu\u015ftepe kaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcnde bek\u00e7i olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f. Kendisi kalenin kuzeyindeki \u00c7avu\u015ftepe K\u00f6y\u00fc’nde do\u011fup b\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f. Ortaokul mezunu ve be\u015f \u00e7ocu\u011fu var. K\u0131rk \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131ktan sonra ya\u015f s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131ndan emekli olmu\u015f. On iki y\u0131ld\u0131r g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc bek\u00e7ilik yap\u0131yor. \u00c7ocuklar\u0131 okudu\u011fu i\u00e7in Van’a ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015f. Her sabah saat 05.00?te Van’dan yola \u00e7\u0131karak buraya geliyormu\u015f. “Bek\u00e7i olarak i\u015fe al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131mda bu dili \u00f6\u011frenmeye karar verdim. Kaz\u0131da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bilim adamlar\u0131ndan yard\u0131m istedim, Urartu alfabesini al\u0131p harfler \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131m” diyor. \u00c7e\u00e7en ve \u0130ngu\u015f dilleriyle Urartu dilinde pek \u00e7ok benzer s\u00f6zc\u00fck oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frenince, \u0130stanbul’a kadar gidip \u00c7e\u00e7en ve \u0130ngu\u015f s\u00f6zl\u00fckleri alm\u0131\u015f. Urartuca \u00f6\u011frenmeye karar vermesini \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131yor:\r
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“Bir hocam\u0131z, kaz\u0131dan \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f bir kitabenin ba\u015f\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor. ‘Hocam, herkes kitabe \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman seviniyor, siz d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsunuz’ dedim. ‘Yok’ dedi: ‘Ben de sevindim ama kime okutaca\u011f\u0131z?’ Bran\u015f\u0131 Fars dili ve edebiyat\u0131yd\u0131. Ben de o zaman \u00e7ok gen\u00e7tim. San\u0131yorum ki profes\u00f6r denince, her \u015feyi biliyor. Ankara’da, Emin Bilgi\u00e7 ad\u0131nda bir bey vard\u0131. O tarihte onu \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131lar, geldi ve kitabeyi okudu. Sonra yeni kitabeler \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Hoca yine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Hoca da beni \u00e7ok severdi, hatta i\u015fe o ald\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 beni. ‘Hocam, ben \u00f6\u011frenemez miyim?’ deyince, \u00f6yle bir sinirlendi ki, sert bir \u015fekilde ‘Hadi can\u0131m sen de!’ dedi. Ben de ‘Bu dili \u00f6\u011frenece\u011fim’ dedim. Van Kalesi’nde \u00e7ok yaz\u0131lar var. Hangisi Asur, hangisi Urartu se\u00e7mek zor. O k\u0131\u015f \u00f6yle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek ge\u00e7ti. Bir dahaki sene \u0130ran’a gittim.\r
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<\/a>Otostopla, atlarla k\u00f6ylere gidiyordum. \u00c7ok zorluk \u00e7ektim tabii. Her \u00fclkeden harf toplad\u0131m. Urartular\u0131n yaz\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7ivi yaz\u0131s\u0131. Hangi sembol, hangi harfe denk geliyor? Tek tek ara\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131m, alfabeyi olu\u015fturdum. O zamana kadar alfabe yoktu. 53 tane harf tamamlad\u0131m. 22 May\u0131s 1986’da M\u00fcze M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc’ne bir yaz\u0131 geldi. Beni Ankara Milli K\u00fct\u00fcphane’de bilgi \u015f\u00f6lenine \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131lar. T\u00fcrkiye’de kaz\u0131 yapan yerli ve yabanc\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn hocalar oradayd\u0131. \u00d6nce inanamad\u0131lar. Sonra hepsi teker teker elimi s\u0131kt\u0131. Profes\u00f6rlerden tebrik al\u0131nca daha bir h\u0131rsland\u0131m. Dedim ki ‘Yaz\u0131y\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zd\u00fck, bundan sonra s\u0131ra lisanda’. Dili 12 y\u0131lda \u00e7\u00f6zd\u00fcm. K\u0131\u015f g\u00fcnleri kalede yaln\u0131z kal\u0131rd\u0131m. Yaln\u0131zl\u0131k; \u00e7ok kitap okumam\u0131, Uratucay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmemi ve bu el sanat\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirmemi sa\u011flad\u0131. Elli be\u015f y\u0131ld\u0131r buraday\u0131m. Amerika, 2021 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar Urartuca ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 yapmam i\u00e7in oturma izni verdi. Ama ben gitmiyorum. Buraday\u0131m.”<\/i>\u00a0\r
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Sadece bunlarla kalmam\u0131\u015f Mehmet Ku\u015fman. Bazalt ta\u015f\u0131 \u00fczerine Urartuca yaz\u0131lar ve Tanr\u0131 Haldi’nin resmini nak\u0131\u015flam\u0131\u015f. Bu g\u00fcne kadar be\u015f bine yak\u0131n kolye ucu ve an\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnleri \u00fcretmi\u015f.Yurt i\u00e7i ve yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli konferanslara kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. \u0130stanbul’da Kaz\u0131m Ta\u015fkent Sanat Galerisinde “Urartu: Sava\u015f ve Estetik” sergisine kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Kendisinin geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi el sanat\u0131n\u0131 ve Uratuca’y\u0131 gen\u00e7lere \u00f6\u011fretmek istemi\u015f ama kimse elinden tutmam\u0131\u015f. Son y\u0131llarda gelen turistlerin azalmas\u0131 onu umutsuzlu\u011fa itmi\u015f. G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc hizmeti b\u0131rakmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor.\r
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77 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki Mehmet Ku\u015fman’\u0131n dolu dolu ge\u00e7en ya\u015fam\u0131, \u00f6\u011frenme ve \u00fcretme a\u015fk\u0131 beni b\u00fcy\u00fcledi. Yoksulluk ve yoksunluklara kar\u015f\u0131 y\u0131lmadan, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir emek ve sab\u0131rla hem \u00f6ren yerini korumu\u015f, hem de imrenilesi el i\u015fi \u00fcr\u00fcnler \u00fcretmi\u015f. As\u0131l \u00f6nemlisi d\u00fcnyada Urartucay\u0131 bilen otuz sekiz ki\u015fiden biri. Bunlar\u0131n otuz yedisi akademisyen yani okullu. Bir tek o alayl\u0131.\r
\u00c7avu\u015fkale etkileyici bir \u00f6ren yeri. Ancak Mehmet Ku\u015fman buray\u0131 daha da \u00f6nemli ve \u00f6zel k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. \u0130yi ki vars\u0131n Mehmet Ku\u015fman. Ya\u015fam\u0131n uzun ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 olsun. Elli be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k eme\u011finin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu yaz\u0131yla elbette \u00f6denmez, biliyorum. Ama olsun, bu da benden sana \u00e7am sak\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7oban arma\u011fan\u0131 olsun. Sevgi ve sayg\u0131yla.

Related Images:<\/h3>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ayaklar\u0131n\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131yordu G\u00f6l’de G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f bir i\u011fneyle tutturulmu\u015f kentler \u0130nip kalelerden korunganlardan. G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f halkalar yay\u0131l\u0131yordu Bunca kan\u0131, bunca utanc\u0131 Ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ac\u0131s\u0131nda suyun. Erdal Alova\/Birinci \u00c7o\u011ful \u015eark\u0131 […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[53],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64997"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=64997"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64997\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=64997"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=64997"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=64997"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}