{"id":64913,"date":"2017-01-27T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2017-01-27T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/?p=64913"},"modified":"2017-01-27T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2017-01-27T00:00:00","slug":"herkesin-merak-ettigi-frenk-sokagi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/2017\/01\/27\/herkesin-merak-ettigi-frenk-sokagi\/","title":{"rendered":"Herkesin merak etti\u011fi Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"Bir\u00e7ok dost ya da okur uzun zamand\u0131r “Bir\u00e7ok ara\u015ft\u0131rmada Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n s\u00f6z\u00fc ge\u00e7iyor. Y\u0131llard\u0131r da bu ad\u0131 duyar\u0131z. Ama bu soka\u011f\u0131n nerede oldu\u011funu bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u00f6\u011frenemedik. Bunu yazsana!” deyip durmaktayd\u0131. Bir hafta \u00f6nce kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir bilimsel toplant\u0131da da ayn\u0131 sorun ya\u015fand\u0131, hatta iki ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 bu konuda hafif bir tart\u0131\u015fma da ya\u015fad\u0131lar. Asl\u0131nda ikisinin de tarifi tam de\u011fildi. Bu nedenle bu ara Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131’n\u0131 yazmak \u015fart oldu.\r
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Tarih boyunca “doldurulmak” gibi k\u00f6t\u00fc bir kader ya\u015fayan \u0130zmir K\u00f6rfezi’nin Mavi\u015fehir’den ba\u015flay\u0131p \u0130nciralt\u0131 \u00f6nlerinde son bulan ve \u0130\u00e7 K\u00f6rfez olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde “dolgu” i\u015flemi g\u00f6rmemi\u015f hi\u00e7 bir yer yoktur. Doldurulmam\u0131\u015f b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri k\u0131s\u0131m k\u0131s\u0131m da olsa Mavi\u015fehir ve \u0130nciralt\u0131’dan sonraki b\u00f6lgelerde g\u00f6rebilmekteyiz. Dolgu sonucu kazan\u0131lan alanlara bakarsak; G\u00fcney k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan ve De\u011firmenda\u011f \u00f6nlerinden ba\u015flay\u0131p Halkap\u0131nar K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc’ne kadar uzanan b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn en b\u00fcy\u00fck dolguya sahip alan oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.\r
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\u0130\u015fte bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde yer alan ve bundan be\u015f y\u00fczy\u0131l \u00f6ncesinin k\u0131y\u0131 \u015feridi olan Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131, Yirminci Y\u00fczy\u0131l’a girilirken, denize do\u011fru s\u00fcrekli doldurulan alanlarda a\u00e7\u0131lan yeni arterler nedeniyle D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Kordon diyebilece\u011fimiz bir konumdad\u0131r.\r
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Bu arada b\u00f6lgeyi anlatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, neredeyse tamam\u0131 al\u00fcvyon toprak olan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Alsancak semtinin bu konudaki ge\u00e7mi\u015finden de s\u00f6z etmek gerekir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc anlatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z Boyac\u0131 Deresi, t\u0131pk\u0131 Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131 gibi pek fazla bilinmeyen bir akarsudur. B\u00f6lge ile ilgili olarak 16. Y\u00fczy\u0131l sonlar\u0131ndan itibaren yaz\u0131l\u0131 kaynaklarda s\u00f6z edildi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki Alsancak semtinin \u00f6nemli b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u00f6z konusu arazi i\u00e7inden ge\u00e7en ve Boyac\u0131 Deresi olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan akarsuyun ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 al\u00fcvyonlu toprak nedeniyle zengin bir tar\u0131m alan\u0131 oldu\u011fu muhakkakt\u0131r.\r
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Boyac\u0131 Deresi 20. Y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131na kadar varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli plan ya da haritalarda g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz ve de Ye\u015fildere’nin bir kolu olarak, \u00fcnl\u00fc tarihi Kemer (Kervan) K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc civar\u0131nda ayr\u0131larak kuzey bat\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde, K\u00f6rfez’e y\u00f6nlenip, denize kar\u0131\u015fan bir akarsudur. 18. Y\u00fczy\u0131l sonlar\u0131na kadar \u015fehrin kuzey s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 olan bu akarsu zamanla yerle\u015fim yerleri aras\u0131nda \/ alt\u0131nda kal\u0131p k\u00f6relir ve de k\u00f6rfezdeki d\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc noktadan ba\u015flayarak, b\u00f6l\u00fcm b\u00f6l\u00fcm tarihe kar\u0131\u015f\u0131r.\r
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Bu akarsudan, Meles \u00c7ay\u0131’ndan ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgede tabakhanelerin bulunmas\u0131 nedeniyle baz\u0131 kaynaklarda “Tabakhane Deresi” ad\u0131yla da s\u00f6z edildi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Ancak as\u0131l ad\u0131n\u0131, \u00e7evresinde bir zamanlar \u00fcnl\u00fc T\u00fcrk k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131s\u0131 renginin kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, kuma\u015f boyama at\u00f6lyelerinin bulunmas\u0131ndan al\u0131r. Yani s\u00f6z konusu dere, ge\u00e7ti\u011fi b\u00f6lgeye tar\u0131msal zenginlik getirmesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, ayn\u0131 zamanda do\u011fal bir ticari arter g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc de ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm, bu nedenle g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u0130zmir’in en de\u011ferli arazi b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcne sahip Alsancak semtinin de\u011ferinin bir anlamda o d\u00f6nemlerden habercisi olur ve bu alan de\u011feri son y\u00fczy\u0131ld\u0131r, 1922 b\u00fcy\u00fck yang\u0131n\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere neredeyse hi\u00e7 azalmadan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar s\u00fcr\u00fcp gelir.\r
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\u0130zmir K\u00f6rfezi k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131 tarih boyunca doldurularak yeni alanlar kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. K\u00f6rfez’in g\u00fcneydo\u011fu sahili olan b\u00f6l\u00fcm ise en \u00e7ok dolan\/doldurulan k\u0131y\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle, \u0130zmir’de k\u00f6rfezin g\u00fcney yakas\u0131nda g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bildi\u011fimiz bir\u00e7ok arter bir d\u00f6nemin k\u0131y\u0131 \u015ferididir. S\u00f6zgelimi Kemeralt\u0131 Camisi’nden ba\u015flayarak Ba\u015fdurak, Kestanepazar\u0131, \u015ead\u0131rvan ve Hisar camilerinin \u00e7evreledi\u011fi ve de Anafartalar Caddesi’nin \u00f6nemli b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn de bu hat \u00fczerinde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 geni\u015f kavis, bir d\u00f6nemlerin i\u00e7 k\u00f6rfez k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki bi\u00e7imine d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Yine g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki Kordon’a (R\u0131ht\u0131m) paralel olarak artarda s\u0131ralanm\u0131\u015f olan arterleri de son d\u00f6rt y\u00fcz y\u0131l\u0131n doldurula doldurula i\u00e7eride kalm\u0131\u015f k\u0131y\u0131 \u00e7izgileri olarak da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebiliriz. Denizin baz\u0131 eski r\u0131ht\u0131m noktalar\u0131ndan ne kadar uzakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n en iyi \u00f6rne\u011fi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Hilton Otel’in hemen \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunan St. Polycarpe Kilisesi’dir. 17. Y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131nda sahilde in\u015fa edilen bu kilisenin \u015fu anda denize olan uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgenin ne kadar doldurulmu\u015f oldu\u011funun g\u00f6stergesidir ki bu mesafe halen 310 metredir. \u0130\u015fte bir zamanlar\u0131n k\u0131y\u0131 \u00e7izgisinden doldurulduktan sonra artere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f olan Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n yeri i\u00e7in, bir anlamda “1922 yang\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ncesinin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc kordon’u” benzetmesini de yapabiliriz.\r
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Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131 da \u0130zmir’de ya\u015fayan hemen t\u00fcm az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n ve elbette Do\u011fu Akdenizli t\u00fcccar toplumu olan Levantenlerin bir numaral\u0131 \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131s\u0131 ve i\u015f ve de ya\u015fam merkezidir. Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n zaman i\u00e7inde olu\u015fup geli\u015fmesine \u00f6ncelikle Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun az\u0131nl\u0131k t\u00fcccarlara tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 kolayl\u0131klar\u0131n da yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 rahatl\u0131kla s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. Osmanl\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin, \u0130zmir’i hammadde ihracat kenti olarak \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131karacak politikalar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe koymas\u0131 bunun en \u00f6nemli nedenidir. Bu nedenle Bat\u0131l\u0131 t\u00fcccarlar d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en verimli topraklar\u0131nda yeti\u015fen \u00e7ok de\u011ferli \u00fcr\u00fcnleri, d\u00fcnyaya pazarlaman\u0131n kap\u0131s\u0131 olarak \u0130zmir’i se\u00e7mi\u015fler ve bu alanda kente yat\u0131r\u0131m yapm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu kolayl\u0131k sa\u011flayan politikaya uygun \u00f6rneklerden biri 17. Y\u00fczy\u0131l’\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda \u0130zmir’den moher ipli\u011fi ihra\u00e7 eden Avrupal\u0131 t\u00fcccarlar\u0131n sadece y\u00fczde 3 oran\u0131nda g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergisi \u00f6demekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc olup, bac-\u0131 ihra\u00e7 vergisinden de muaf olmalar\u0131d\u0131r.(1) Bu politika ve Avrupa pazar\u0131nda ihra\u00e7 mallar\u0131na duyulan talep, 18. Y\u00fczy\u0131l’a gelindi\u011finde \u0130zmir’in uluslararas\u0131 ticaret merkezi olarak y\u00fckselmesinde en \u00f6nemli etkenlerden biri olur ve \u015fehrin bu niteli\u011fi do\u011fal olarak d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinden birinin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131 da bu b\u00f6lgenin \u00fc\u00e7 \u00f6nemli damar\u0131ndan biri say\u0131labilir.\r
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\u0130zmir’deki bu \u00fc\u00e7 \u00f6nemli \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131 arterinden Avrupal\u0131 t\u00fcccarlar\u0131n yo\u011fun olan\u0131 Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131’d\u0131r. Cadde yakla\u015f\u0131k 4,5 metre geni\u015fli\u011findedir ve o d\u00f6nemlerdeki kentin yakla\u015f\u0131k yar\u0131 uzunlu\u011fundad\u0131r. Pazar alan\u0131 ve hanlara (2) biti\u015fik olan yol boyunca \u0130zmir’in en g\u00fczel evlerinin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ile konsolosluk g\u00f6revlilerinin evleri yer almaktad\u0131r.(3) Bu evlerin \u00f6n cephelerinde say\u0131s\u0131z kap\u0131 bulunuyordu ve arka cephelerindeki teraslar yaya yolu olarak kullan\u0131lan k\u00f6rfeze ve depolar\u0131n \u00e7at\u0131lar\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131yordu. Bu evler ayn\u0131 zamanda limana ve civarda yer alan k\u0131rsal alana bak\u0131yorlard\u0131. Evlerin arka bah\u00e7eleri denize ula\u015f\u0131yor ve geceleri gemilerin y\u00fckleme ve bo\u015faltmas\u0131nda r\u0131ht\u0131m olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu.(4)\r
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\u0130zmir’i ziyaret eden gezginlerin \u00f6zellikle 19. Y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131ndan itibaren Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131’ndan s\u00f6z ettiklerini g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz. Hi\u00e7 ku\u015fkusuz \u015fehrin sermaye merkezi olan b\u00f6lgenin kalbinde yer alan bu sokak bir\u00e7ok gezginin b\u00fcy\u00fck ilgisini \u00e7ekmi\u015f ve sokakla ilgili \u00e7ok \u015feyler yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\r
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1830 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130zmir’e gelen gezgin Joseph Michaud, sokak i\u00e7in “Dikkate de\u011fer ve ad\u0131 olan” tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yaparken,(5) ondan yakla\u015f\u0131k yirmi y\u0131l kadar sonra \u0130zmir’e gelen Alexis de Valon, farkl\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmektedir ve \u015funlar\u0131 yazar: “Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131, \u0130zmir’in en g\u00fczel sokaklar\u0131ndan biri olmakla \u00fcnl\u00fcd\u00fcr; ona ili\u015fkin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerimize pek uymamakla birlikte, \u00e7ok belirgin bir karaktere sahiptir. Dar bir sokak, pis bir dere, her renkte, her bi\u00e7imde, her y\u00fckseklikte evler, \u00fczerinden hi\u00e7bir zaman bir araba ge\u00e7meyen, k\u00f6t\u00fc bir d\u00f6\u015feme kaplamas\u0131. Sa\u011fda solda d\u00fckkan olarak i\u015f g\u00f6ren mekanlar, kafalar\u0131n \u00fczerinde, sundurma g\u00f6revi yapan ve bol g\u00fcne\u015fli soka\u011fa kara g\u00f6lgeler d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren kocaman kuma\u015f ya da pamuklu par\u00e7alar\u0131, ayaklar alt\u0131nda sebze tala\u015flar\u0131, ezilmi\u015f kavun dilimleri, yar\u0131 kemirilmi\u015f kemikleri \u00e7amur i\u00e7inde s\u00fcr\u00fckleyen kocaman sar\u0131 k\u00f6pekler. Terlikli, sessizce y\u00fcr\u00fcyen, g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcs\u00fczce acele eden, alacal\u0131 bulacal\u0131 bir kalabal\u0131k. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmesi olanaks\u0131z bir T\u00fcrk sar\u0131\u011f\u0131, kunduz k\u00fcrk\u00fc \u015fapka, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 fes ve ma\u015flah kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131, sizi iten hamallar, semerleri size \u00e7arpan e\u015fekler, kimi zaman d\u00fcmd\u00fcz y\u00fcr\u00fcyen, bakmaks\u0131z\u0131n ve hi\u00e7 farketmeksizin, aya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00f6\u015femenin ya da ka\u00e7may\u0131 bilemeyen, dalg\u0131n dalg\u0131n, ba\u015f\u0131bo\u015f gezen bir insan\u0131n \u00fczerine koyan bir deve dizisi. Bu kalabal\u0131k i\u00e7inde \u00e7ok hareket ve az g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc. Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc i\u015fte b\u00f6yledir.” (6)\r
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Bir\u00e7ok kaynakta belirtilenin aksine Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131, her zaman, bir Avrupa kentinin m\u00fckemmel bir caddesi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcnde de\u011fildir.\r
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“Bu sokak, Avrupai kentin zengin bir mahallesinin kalbi olmaktan uzak g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir. Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131, bir Frans\u0131z soka\u011f\u0131 de\u011fildir. Ger\u00e7ek, ad\u0131ndan umulanla \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fmamaktad\u0131r. Tersine, orada, pazar\u0131n ya da T\u00fcrk mahallesinin kimi \u00f6zellikleri bulunmaktad\u0131r. Kimi gezginler, \u0130zmir’de \u00e7ok s\u0131k ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan veban\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak, T\u00fcrk mahallelerinin pisli\u011fini g\u00f6rmektedirler. Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131 da daha temiz de\u011fildir… Nihayet her iki halde de dar bir sokak s\u00f6z konusudur. Develer burada, pazarda oldu\u011fu kadar yollar\u0131 t\u0131kamaktad\u0131rlar… Demek ki Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131, pazar\u0131n ya da T\u00fcrk mahallesinin sokaklar\u0131ndan pek farkl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnmemektedir. Ticaret arteri olan Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131 ile Do\u011fu pazar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, ay\u0131r\u0131mdan \u00e7ok s\u00fcreklilik vard\u0131r. Kom\u015fu olmalar\u0131 akrabal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlamaktad\u0131r…\r
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Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131, yaln\u0131zca i\u015flenmi\u015f, Frans\u0131z, \u0130ngiliz, Rum ya da \u0130talyan t\u00fcccarlarca Avrupa’dan ithal edilmi\u015f mallar\u0131 satan d\u00fckkanlar\u0131 bir araya getirmemektedir. Orada ayn\u0131 zamanda, Yahudiler ve T\u00fcrkler taraf\u0131ndan sat\u0131lan yerel \u00fcr\u00fcnler de bulunmaktad\u0131r. Ama en ilginci, Avrupa mallar\u0131yla Do\u011fu sergilerinin birlikteli\u011fidir. Orada hi\u00e7bir d\u00fczen yoktur… Bir anlamda, e\u011fer s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerle oynanmak istenirse, pazar ad\u0131n\u0131 daha \u00e7ok Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n hak etti\u011fi s\u00f6ylenebilir.” (7)\r
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Gezgin Reynaud, “Frenk Mahallesi’nde t\u00fcm \u00fclkelerin tezgahlar\u0131na rastlars\u0131n\u0131z” (8) derken, Deschamps ise sokaktaki konsolosluklardan s\u00f6z eder:\r
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“Avrupal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lerin konsolosluklar\u0131n\u0131n neredeyse t\u00fcm\u00fc Frenk Mahallesi’nin bir ba\u015f\u0131nda toplanm\u0131\u015flar. Konsolosluk konutlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu \u00f6n cephelerinde \u00e7ok fiyakal\u0131 tan\u0131t\u0131m levhalar\u0131n\u0131 tak\u0131p tak\u0131\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015flar. \u0130talyanlar\u0131n tan\u0131t\u0131m levhas\u0131 yepyeni ve \u00e7ok a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckte. Frans\u0131z konsolosluk binas\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fcnde, kestane ve \u00e7\u0131nar a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 bulunan bir bah\u00e7ede, \u00e7at\u0131n\u0131n tepesinde \u00fc\u00e7 renk dalgalan\u0131yor. Bu renklerin g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnde dalgalan\u0131rlarken ger\u00e7ekten g\u00fczel bir havalar\u0131, g\u00f6rkemli ve anl\u0131 \u015fanl\u0131 bir vakar\u0131 var, onlar orada hemen her zaman bask\u0131 alt\u0131ndakiler ve \u00e7aresizler i\u00e7in ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k, kurtulu\u015f ve umut simgesi oldular.”(9)\r
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Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131, sonunu getiren 1922 yang\u0131n\u0131ndan \u00f6nce de yang\u0131nla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n yok edici olanlar\u0131ndan biri 8 Temmuz 1742 tarihinde ya\u015fanan yang\u0131nd\u0131r. Yahudi Mahallesi’nde bir evde ba\u015flayan yang\u0131n d\u00f6nemin \u0130zmir Kad\u0131s\u0131’n\u0131n ilgisizli\u011finin ve yang\u0131na m\u00fcdahale emri vermemesi nedeniyle beklenmedik bi\u00e7imde b\u00fcy\u00fcr ve o gece t\u00fcm Yahudi Mahallesi’nin yanmas\u0131na neden olan ate\u015f \u015fehrin g\u00fcvenli oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen di\u011fer semtlerine de s\u0131\u00e7rar. \u00d6nce Yahudi mahallesine kom\u015fu T\u00fcrk Mahallesi, oradan da Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131 ve \u015fehrin merkezi de yang\u0131ndan ciddi bi\u00e7imde etkilenir. K\u0131rk sekiz saat i\u00e7inde \u0130zmir \u015fehrinin \u00fc\u00e7te ikisi yok olur.(10)\r
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18. Y\u00fczy\u0131l’da ya\u015fanan yang\u0131nlar\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc olan ve \u015fehirde meydana gelen \u00f6nemli isyanlardan birinin sonucunda 14 Mart 1797 tarihinde ba\u015flayan yang\u0131n da \u00f6nemli can ve mal kayb\u0131 meydana getirirken Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131’n\u0131 da b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkilemi\u015ftir.\r
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Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131 ve Frenk Mahallesi’nin co\u011frafi \u00f6zelliklerine bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, Boyac\u0131 Deresi’nin getirdi\u011fi bereketin b\u00f6lgenin tar\u0131msal zenginli\u011fine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 katk\u0131, yak\u0131n d\u00f6nemlere kadar ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f baz\u0131 yer adlar\u0131nda da g\u00f6r\u00fclebilmektedir. Bunlar\u0131n en \u00fcnl\u00fcs\u00fc “Fasula” olarak bilinen b\u00f6lge (sonradan ayn\u0131 adla \u00f6nemli bir meydan) ve \u00e7evresinde olu\u015fan mahalledir. 1922 b\u00fcy\u00fck yang\u0131n\u0131 ile yok olan y\u00f6rede, \u00fcnl\u00fc Frenk Caddesi \u00fczerinde, caddenin Te\u015frifiye ve Sultaniye adlar\u0131n\u0131 alan b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri aras\u0131nda bulunan bu meydan ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta Boyac\u0131 Deresi kenar\u0131nda \u00f6zellikle \u00fcnl\u00fc fasulyesiyle me\u015fhur bah\u00e7elerin bulundu\u011fu bir b\u00f6lgenin merkezindedir. Bu alan\u0131n \u00e7evresi, 20. Y\u00fczy\u0131l’\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na kadar yap\u0131larla dolar ve \u00fcnl\u00fc Frenk Caddesi’nin de ge\u00e7ti\u011fi bir nokta olur. “\u00dc\u00e7 Yol” olarak da an\u0131lan bu alan “Fasulya” ya da “Fasulye” olarak da s\u00f6ylenmi\u015ftir.\r
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Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n ticarethane ve yerle\u015fim \u00f6zellikleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan en iyi de\u011ferlendirmelerden birini 1905 y\u0131l\u0131 Goad plan\u0131 \u00fczerinde g\u00f6rebiliriz. Bu plana g\u00f6re Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131, bat\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde, \u0130kinci Kordon’dan gelen Arapyan \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131s\u0131 ile kesi\u015fti\u011fi k\u00f6\u015fede; \u00c7ak\u0131 ve \u00c7uha Bedestenleri ile hemen biti\u015fi\u011findeki B\u00fcy\u00fck Vezir Han \u00f6n\u00fcnde Mahmudiye Caddesi ad\u0131yla ba\u015flar. Bu adla an\u0131lan b\u00f6l\u00fcmde soka\u011f\u0131n her iki yan\u0131nda yer alan yap\u0131lar (Bat\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden do\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcne olmak \u00fczere) \u015funlard\u0131r: Kuzey yan\u0131nda; Ispartal\u0131 Ferhanesi’nden ba\u015flayarak s\u0131ras\u0131yla Terc\u00fcmano\u011flu Ferhanesi, J. P. Critza, Aliotti, Sad\u0131k Bey ve J. N. Poulos’a ait i\u015f yerlerinden sonra Coya (Gioya) Han\u0131’na ula\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Han\u0131 ge\u00e7tikten sonra yer alan i\u015f yerleri ise Pizzaro karde\u015flere ait mobilya fabrikas\u0131, Synaticos Ferhanesi, Kud\u00fcs Dostlar\u0131 Ferhanesi ve Aya Fotini Kilisesi’nin tam kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda yer alan Atina Bankas\u0131 ve biti\u015fi\u011finde Yunan Konsoloslu\u011fu ve ayn\u0131 ad\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan ferhanedir.\r
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S\u00f6z gelmi\u015fken k\u0131saca “Ferhane”lerden de s\u00f6z etmek gerekir. Ferhane, “Ge\u00e7it” anlam\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan bir terimdir. Bu ge\u00e7itlerin iki taraf\u0131nda d\u00fckkanlar bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u0130lerleyen y\u0131llarda “pasaj” s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc de bun anlamda kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Baz\u0131 yorumlara g\u00f6re ise Ferhane, Frenk ya da Fer s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerinden t\u00fcretilmi\u015ftir. Berhane ya da Verhane olarak da s\u00f6ylendi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Yang\u0131n \u00f6ncesi \u015fehir planlar\u0131nda \u0130zmir’in adeta “pasaj cenneti” oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. \u00d6zellikle Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131 \u00e7evresi y\u00fczlerce ferhane ile a\u011f gibi \u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.\r
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D\u00f6rt ayr\u0131 adla d\u00f6rt b\u00f6l\u00fcmden olu\u015fan Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n Mahmudiye Caddesi ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan ilk b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn kuzey y\u00f6n\u00fcnde, yukar\u0131da sayd\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131zdan sonra yer alan on be\u015f civar\u0131ndaki i\u015f yeri ve yap\u0131lar aras\u0131nda ilk bak\u0131\u015fta g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpanlar aras\u0131nda Keyser Bankerlik, \u0130spanya Konsoloslu\u011fu, Yusuf Ferhanesi, Rossi Ferhanesi ile ula\u015f\u0131lan L. Cristofidis t\u00fct\u00fcn \u015firketi, Pe\u015ftemalc\u0131o\u011flu Ferhanesi, Alex A. Norras mobilya deposu, Arapyan Ferhanesi ve Aya Fotini kav\u015fa\u011f\u0131na cepheli Cr\u00e9dit Lyonnais g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpar. Mahmudiye Caddesi’nin g\u00fcney yan\u0131nda ise; B\u00fcy\u00fck Vezir Han’\u0131n hemen yan\u0131nda K\u00fcpecio\u011flu Han\u0131, K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Vezir Han\u0131 ve hemen k\u00f6\u015fesinde P. Dandria’n\u0131n hal\u0131 ticarethanesi ve bu ticarethane ile Bostanc\u0131yan’a ait i\u015f yeri aras\u0131nda dar ve uzun bir ge\u00e7it bulunmakta ve de iki kademeli bu ge\u00e7itten Grek Evangeliki Okulu’na ge\u00e7ilmektedir. Bunlardan sonra \u015fehirdeki en \u00f6nemli yap\u0131lardan biri olan Aya Fotini (St. Photini) Kilisesi gelmektedir. Elli metreden fazla uzunlukta bir avluya sahip bu kilise ile hemen g\u00fcney y\u00f6n\u00fc \u00e7apraz\u0131nda yer alan Aya Yorgi (St. George) Kilisesi aras\u0131nda yukar\u0131da s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen Evangeliki Okulu bulunmaktad\u0131r.\r
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Bal\u0131k Pazar\u0131 Camisi, \u00c7ak\u0131 ve \u00c7uha bedestenleri ile B\u00fcy\u00fck ve K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Vezir hanlar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu b\u00f6lge 19. Y\u00fczy\u0131l ortalar\u0131ndan itibaren “Kantar” olarak an\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u00dcnl\u00fc Meyhane Bo\u011faz\u0131’na da yine buradan gidilmektedir. B\u00f6lgenin b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Fevzipa\u015fa Bulvar\u0131 ile \u00e7evresindeki yeni yap\u0131la\u015fma i\u00e7inde yok olmu\u015ftur. Ticari mallar\u0131n tart\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck kantar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu yer oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bu adla an\u0131lan semtin ad\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ta\u015f\u0131yan en \u00f6nemli yap\u0131, \u0130zmir’deki karakollar aras\u0131nda en \u00fcnl\u00fcs\u00fc olan Kantar Karakolu’dur. Bu karakol 1922 yang\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ncesinde, Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerindeki Fasula Meydan\u0131’na cepheli olan bir yap\u0131da hizmet vermektedir. Yang\u0131ndan sonra Kantar b\u00f6lgesinde, Hisar Camisi’ne yak\u0131n, tarihi bir yap\u0131da faaliyet g\u00f6sterir ve bu d\u00f6nemde g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar s\u00fcren Kantar ad\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r. Ancak Fevzipa\u015fa Bulvar\u0131’n\u0131n tamamlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan istiml\u00e2k s\u0131ras\u0131nda bu yap\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131r ve Kantar Karakolu, Gazi Bulvar\u0131’na a\u00e7\u0131lan bir sokak \u00fczerindeki yeni binas\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r. \u0130ki katl\u0131 olan binan\u0131n zemin kat\u0131nda bir kebap\u00e7\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. 1967 y\u0131l\u0131nda bir g\u00fcn \u00d6demi\u015fli i\u015f adam\u0131 Mustafa Y\u0131ld\u0131z, burada iki arkada\u015f\u0131 ile birlikte yedi\u011fi yemek i\u00e7in, kendisinden otuz be\u015f lira fazla hesap isteyen kebap\u00e7\u0131ya sinirlenir ve “Hep b\u00f6yle pahal\u0131 m\u0131 satars\u0131n?” der. Kebap\u00e7\u0131 da “Yiyene g\u00f6re beyim. Ben burada on be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k kirac\u0131y\u0131m” yan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 verir. Mustafa Y\u0131ld\u0131z’\u0131n “Seni buradan \u00e7\u0131kartmak isterlerse ne yapars\u0131n?” sorusunu da “Kimsenin beni buradan \u00e7\u0131karmaya g\u00fcc\u00fc yetmez. Bu binada Kantar Karakolu var” diyerek cevaplar. Bu konu\u015fmadan sonra istenen hesab\u0131 \u00f6deyen i\u015f adam\u0131, hemen mal sahibi Nimet K\u0131z\u0131lkaya’y\u0131 bularak, binay\u0131 y\u00fcz k\u0131rk yedi bin liraya sat\u0131n al\u0131r ve ard\u0131ndan a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahliye davas\u0131n\u0131 da kazan\u0131r. B\u00f6ylelikle bir porsiyon kebap, Kantar Karakolu’nu on d\u00f6rt y\u0131ll\u0131k yerinden eder ve s\u00f6z konusu bina y\u0131kt\u0131r\u0131larak, yerine bir i\u015f han\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131r. Kantar Karakolu da o g\u00fcnlerde Pasaport \u0130skelesi giri\u015finde, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki yerine ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r. Ancak ad\u0131ndaki “Kantar” s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc burada da devam eder.\r
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S\u00f6z gelmi\u015fken Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n hemen ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 b\u00f6lgesinde yer alan 1922 yang\u0131n\u0131nda yok olan Faz\u0131l Ahmet Pa\u015fa Camisi’nden de s\u00f6z etmek gerekir. Hemen yan\u0131ndaki hamam gibi, bulundu\u011fu b\u00f6lge olan Bal\u0131kpazar\u0131 ad\u0131yla da an\u0131lan cami 17. Y\u00fczy\u0131l’\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda K\u00f6pr\u00fcl\u00fczade Faz\u0131l Ahmet Pa\u015fa taraf\u0131ndan in\u015fa ettirilir. B\u00fcy\u00fck yang\u0131nda k\u00fcl olan meyhane bo\u011faz\u0131 ve caminin son kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 Fevzipa\u015fa Bulvar\u0131’n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda tamamen yok olur. Fazla y\u00fcksek bir cami olmamas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n olduk\u00e7a b\u00fcy\u00fck olan kubbesinin alt\u0131nda bulunan ayn\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckteki yekpare hal\u0131, i\u015fgal s\u0131ras\u0131nda Yunan askerleri taraf\u0131ndan s\u00fcng\u00fclenerek par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bal\u0131kpazar\u0131 Camisi’nin k\u00fclliyesi aras\u0131nda yine 17. Y\u00fczy\u0131l’\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda K\u00f6pr\u00fcl\u00fczade Faz\u0131l Ahmet Pa\u015fa taraf\u0131ndan yapt\u0131r\u0131lan bir de medrese bulunmaktad\u0131r.\r
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Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131, Bal\u0131kpazar\u0131’n\u0131n hemen \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, K\u00fcpecio\u011flu han\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fcnden ba\u015flar. 17. Y\u00fczy\u0131l sonunda veya 18. Y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131nda in\u015fa edildi\u011fi tahmin edilen han K\u00fcpelio\u011flu ad\u0131yla da an\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu han\u0131n hemen yan\u0131nda, Sar\u0131k\u0131\u015fla in\u015fa edilinceye kadar \u0130zmir’in en b\u00fcy\u00fck yap\u0131s\u0131 olan B\u00fcy\u00fck Vezir Han yer almaktad\u0131r. Han\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde yakla\u015f\u0131k yeri, Mimar Kemalettin Caddesi ile 1326. ve 1330. sokaklar\u0131n kesi\u015fti\u011fi k\u00f6\u015fedir. Han\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131, Girit seferi s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u0130zmir’i merkez \u00fcs olarak kullanan K\u00f6pr\u00fcl\u00fc Faz\u0131l Ahmet Pa\u015fa taraf\u0131ndan 1675 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, Vezir Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa Pa\u015fa taraf\u0131ndan 1677 y\u0131l\u0131nda tamamlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kare pl\u00e2n\u0131 ve avlusuyla klasik Osmanl\u0131 hanlar\u0131n\u0131n tipik bir \u00f6rne\u011fi olan yap\u0131da, Kire\u00e7likaya mevkiinde bulunan eski Roma Tiyatrosu’nun masif ta\u015f bloklar\u0131 ve beyaz mermerlerinin kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 da bilinmektedir. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Demir Han\u0131 ile birlikte 20. Y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015f\u0131nda, \u00f6zellikle ticaret ekonomisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u015fehrin en \u00f6nemli noktalar\u0131ndan biri olan B\u00fcy\u00fck Vezir Han, in\u015fas\u0131ndan k\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra meydana gelen 1688 depreminden b\u00fcy\u00fck zarar g\u00f6r\u00fcr. 1778 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki depremden de olduk\u00e7a etkilenen han\u0131n, 1779 y\u0131l\u0131 Temmuz ay\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kan yang\u0131nda bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc de yanar. \u0130ki kat\u0131nda toplam 104 odas\u0131 bulunan han\u0131n 1922 b\u00fcy\u00fck yang\u0131n\u0131ndan kalan duvar par\u00e7alar\u0131 Fevzipa\u015fa Bulvar\u0131’n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\r
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Bu han\u0131n hemen yan\u0131nda yer alan K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Vezir Han’\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki yakla\u015f\u0131k yeri, Halit Ziya Bulvar\u0131 ile 1332. Sokak’\u0131n kesi\u015fti\u011fi b\u00f6lgedir. Avlulu ve iki katl\u0131 han\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131, B\u00fcy\u00fck Vezir Han\u0131 gibi, K\u00f6pr\u00fcl\u00fc Faz\u0131l Ahmet Pa\u015fa taraf\u0131ndan 1675 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa Pa\u015fa taraf\u0131ndan 1678 y\u0131l\u0131nda tamamlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1779 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki yang\u0131nda bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn yand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinen 35 odal\u0131 han da 1922 b\u00fcy\u00fck yang\u0131n\u0131nda tamamen yok olmu\u015ftur.\r
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Soka\u011f\u0131n, Yaladika olarak da s\u00f6ylenen, Mahmudiye b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn sonunda yer alan Aya Fotini Ortodoks Rum kilisesi, 1658 y\u0131l\u0131nda k\u0131y\u0131da in\u015fa edilir. 1688 depreminde y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra 1690 y\u0131l\u0131nda yeniden yap\u0131lan kilise ilerleyen y\u0131llarda metropolit merkezi olur ve \u0130zmir’de ya\u015fayan Rumlar\u0131n sembol\u00fc haline gelir. Zamanla, k\u0131y\u0131n\u0131n doldurulmas\u0131 sonucu i\u00e7erde kalan kilisenin, Hazreti \u0130sa’n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm ya\u015f\u0131yla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olarak 33 metre y\u00fcksekli\u011finde olan \u00e7an kulesi, kilisenin avlusunda binadan farkl\u0131 bir noktaya 1856 y\u0131l\u0131nda dikilir. \u0130zmir’in en y\u00fcksek binas\u0131 olmas\u0131 nedeniyle \u0130zmir Rumlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6v\u00fcn\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 olan \u00e7an kulesine 1892’de b\u00fcy\u00fck bir saat eklenir. Aya Fotini Kilisesi’nin avlusundan ge\u00e7ilerek girilen metropolitlik d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015fka bir kom\u015fu ve \u00f6nemli yap\u0131, Rumlar\u0131n \u00fcnl\u00fc okulu Evangeliki Mektebi ana binas\u0131n\u0131n bulunmas\u0131d\u0131r. Dendrinos, Savastopulas, Omiros ve Vitalis adl\u0131 d\u00f6rt Rum’un \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde 1733 y\u0131l\u0131nda kurulan okul, 1778 ve 1842 y\u0131llar\u0131nda da iki kez yang\u0131n ge\u00e7irmi\u015ftir.\r
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Aya Fotini Kilisesi’nin bitiminde sa\u011fa y\u00f6nelen Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131, \u00e7an kulesinin alt\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en ge\u00e7idin de a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 Aya Fotini Kav\u015fa\u011f\u0131’na ula\u015f\u0131r. Bu kav\u015fakta sa\u011fa giden yol Kaymakpa\u015fa Caddesi ad\u0131yla g\u00fcney y\u00f6n\u00fcne ilerlerken, solda kalan Frenk Caddesi de Mahmudiye Caddesi olan ad\u0131n\u0131 Sultaniye (ya da Mecidiye) Caddesi olarak s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcr. Aya Fotini Kav\u015fa\u011f\u0131’ndan sonra, Sultaniye Caddesi sa\u011f yan\u0131nda St. Polycarpe Katolik Kilisesi’ne kadar \u00e7e\u015fitli i\u015f yerleri ve yap\u0131lar yer almaktad\u0131r. Caddenin bu kez sola y\u00f6nlendi\u011fi kaviste yer alan bu kilise, di\u011ferleri gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck avluya sahip de\u011fildir. Kiliseden hemen arkas\u0131ndaki Birinci ve \u0130kinci Madamhane sokaklar\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131lan “U” bi\u00e7imindeki Cousinery Sokak’a kadar olan b\u00f6l\u00fcmde yer alan i\u015f yerlerinin en b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc olarak Abajoli Kitapevi g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpmaktad\u0131r. Buradan K\u0131zlar (Hac\u0131 Stamo\/\u0130stam) Sokak’a kadar uzanan b\u00f6l\u00fcmde \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00f6nemli i\u015f yerleri yer al\u0131r.\r
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Sultaniye Caddesi’nin Aya Fotini Kav\u015fa\u011f\u0131’ndan ba\u015flayan sol yan\u0131nda ise s\u0131ras\u0131yla \u00fcnl\u00fc Orosdi Back, Geo Caluminos \u015firketleri ile E. Rivans & M. Sigala mobilya ma\u011fazas\u0131 ve k\u00f6\u015fesinde bir restoran\u0131n yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Sak\u0131zl\u0131 Han Sokak yer al\u0131r. St. Polycarpe Kilisesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen bu sokaktan sonra yer alan i\u015f yerleri ve yap\u0131lar aras\u0131nda \u015funlar g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpmaktad\u0131r: Anglo-Eastern Co-Operative Limited \u015eirketi, Whittall Ferhanesi, St. Maria Kilisesi ve \u00f6n\u00fcndeki ayn\u0131 adl\u0131 pasaja a\u00e7\u0131lan ve Boskovi\u00e7 Ferhanesi ile onlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda Barbaressi Han\u0131. Daha sonra ise Moraitine Ferhanesi iki yan\u0131nda Calech mobilya ile Stivaktopoulos karde\u015fler ve Yorgandas t\u00fct\u00fcn \u015firketi. Onlar\u0131n ard\u0131nda Habir ve Polako hal\u0131 \u015firketine a\u00e7\u0131lan Minghetti Ferhanesi. Caddenin nas\u0131l bir rota izleyerek y\u00f6nlendi\u011fini g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz \u0130zmir’inde k\u0131yaslamak isteyenler i\u00e7in hala mevcut olan St. Polycarpe ve St. Maria kiliselerinin yerleri do\u011fru bir nirengi noktas\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.\r
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Sultaniye Caddesi’nin bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcndeki en \u00f6nemli yap\u0131 Singer \u015firketinden hemen sonra gelen geni\u015f bir i\u00e7 avluya sahip Lazarist Rahipler Okulu’dur. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki \u0130zmir Ticaret Lisesi binalar\u0131 bu okulun bir k\u0131sm\u0131d\u0131r. Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n devam eden b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcndeki i\u015f yerleri ve yap\u0131lar aras\u0131nda ise Constant, K\u00fcpecio\u011flu, Mathei, Say\u0131an ve Aliotti ferhaneleri \u00f6nce yer almaktad\u0131r. Say\u0131an ferhanesinin giri\u015finde yer alan Amalth\u00e9 Gazetesi’nin bas\u0131m yerinin hemen arkas\u0131nda bir ba\u015fka gazetenin daha bas\u0131m yerini g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz: Journal de Smyrne.\r
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Kuzey y\u00f6n\u00fcnde yer alan ve Sultaniye Caddesi’ne paralel Sakl\u0131 Caddesi’ne a\u00e7\u0131lan Sponti Pasaj\u0131 i\u00e7inde, giri\u015fte sol k\u00f6\u015fede yer alan eczanenin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra terzi, kuaf\u00f6r, mobilya d\u00fckkanlar\u0131ndan ba\u015fka bir de piyano ve di\u011fer m\u00fczik aletleri ma\u011fazas\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. Yusuf Bey ferhanesi caddenin sa\u011fa do\u011fru kavis yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktadad\u0131r. Hemen yan\u0131ndaki Bal\u0131khane Pasaj\u0131 giri\u015finde Osmanl\u0131 Su Kumpanyas\u0131 ofisi bulunmaktad\u0131r. Tenekeciyan Ferhanesi’nin giri\u015finde ise pastane ve eczane g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpmaktad\u0131r. Avusturya Postanesi ve Grande Bretagne Restoran’\u0131n bulundu\u011fu ferhanede de bir ba\u015fka piyano ma\u011fazas\u0131 dikkati \u00e7eker. Sultaniye Caddesi \u00fczerindeki en \u00f6nemli yap\u0131 olan \u0130ngiltere Konsoloslu\u011fu’ndan hemen \u00f6nce yer alan ve giri\u015finde Prossen adl\u0131 Amerikan pazar\u0131 ile Appareil Foto\u011frafhanesi’nin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Negre Pont Pasaj\u0131’n\u0131n \u0130ngiliz \u0130skelesi Sokak \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ise Avusturya-Macaristan Konsoloslu\u011fu bulunmaktad\u0131r. Giri\u015finde \u0130ngiliz Postanesi’nin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130ngiltere Konsoloslu\u011fu’nun hemen yan\u0131nda yer alan \u0130talya Konsoloslu\u011fu’nun da bulundu\u011fu yap\u0131dan sonra yer alan Keklik Sokak, ayn\u0131 zamanda Sultaniye Caddesi’nin de bitim noktas\u0131 olan Fasula (Fasulye) Meydan\u0131’na \u00e7\u0131kmadan \u00f6nce g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz son sokakt\u0131r.\r
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Fasula Meydan\u0131, bir k\u00f6\u015fesinde yukar\u0131da s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc etti\u011fimiz karakol binas\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 yap\u0131 hari\u00e7, \u00fc\u00e7gen pl\u00e2nl\u0131 bir aland\u0131r. G\u00fcney y\u00f6n\u00fcnde Fasulya Mektep ve sokaklar\u0131n ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 meydana kuzey y\u00f6n\u00fcnde de \u00fc\u00e7 soka\u011f\u0131n ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir: Meydana bakan sol yandaki i\u015f yerleri aras\u0131nda en \u00f6nemlisi, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 ilerideki y\u0131llarda Fransa Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da yapacak olan Balladour’lara ait olan\u0131d\u0131r.\r
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Y\u00fcz metreden fazla uzunlu\u011fu olan Fasula Meydan\u0131’n\u0131n sona erdi\u011fi noktada Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131, bu kez Te\u015frifiye (ya da Fasula) Caddesi ad\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r. Te\u015frifiye Caddesi’nin \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelli\u011fi olduk\u00e7a s\u0131k aral\u0131klarla ba\u015fka sokaklara a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu \u00f6zellik caddenin Mahmudiye ve Sultaniye adlar\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclmemektedir. Bu sokaklar aras\u0131nda caddenin kuzey y\u00f6n\u00fcnde \u0130kinci Kordon Caddesine a\u00e7\u0131lan L\u00e2le, \u00c7ayalt\u0131, Kasapo\u011flu, Nathali \u0130skelesi, Alhambra, Triandafilides sokaklar\u0131 ile g\u00fcney y\u00f6n\u00fcne a\u00e7\u0131lan B\u00fcy\u00fck Boyahane, \u00c7ay, Natali, \u0130stanbul ve S\u00fct\u00e7\u00fc sokaklar\u0131 say\u0131labilmektedir. Bu sokaklar\u0131n da tamam\u0131 ayn\u0131 Frenk Caddesi gibi kesme Napoli ta\u015f\u0131 d\u00f6\u015feli ve her iki y\u00f6nlerinde de \u00f6nemli i\u015f yerleri ve i\u015fletmeler bulunmaktad\u0131r.\r
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Hurmal\u0131 Sokak’tan itibaren yeniden sa\u011fa y\u00f6nelen Te\u015frifiye Caddesi, Bella Vista Caddesi ile kesi\u015fti\u011fi Bella Vista Meydan\u0131’na ula\u015f\u0131r. Caddenin bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Bella Vista Caddesi ad\u0131yla da an\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu noktadan sonra Mesudiye Caddesi ad\u0131yla Punta’ya y\u00f6nelen Frenk Caddesi’ni g\u00fcney y\u00f6n\u00fcnde \u0130kinci Kordon ile birle\u015ftiren sokaklar aras\u0131nda Terc\u00fcman, Mengene, Kilise, Karava, Kamiler ve Hatip Sokak gibi yine ticari merkez olan arterler hemen g\u00f6ze batmaktad\u0131r.\r
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1922 yang\u0131n\u0131 ile b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc yok olan bu soka\u011f\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f tek b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Mesudiye Caddesi olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn K\u0131br\u0131s \u015eehitleri Caddesi’dir. 13 Eyl\u00fcl’de ba\u015flayan 1922 b\u00fcy\u00fck yang\u0131n\u0131 lodos r\u00fczgar\u0131n\u0131n etkisiyle Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131’n\u0131 da adeta k\u00fcl ederek Mesudiye Caddesi’nin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgeye kadar ula\u015f\u0131r. Ancak limana do\u011fru daha fazla ilerleyemeden tamamen ters y\u00f6n olan Poyraz’a d\u00f6nen \u015fiddetli r\u00fczgar yakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerleri bir daha yakarak ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktaya y\u00f6nlenir. R\u00fczgar\u0131n y\u00fcz seksen derecelik bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, Mesudiye Caddesi ve \u00e7evresindeki mahalle ve konutlar\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni olmu\u015ftur.\r
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“Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131 yanmasayd\u0131 acaba ne olurdu?” diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir. Hi\u00e7 ku\u015fkusuz, 1922 yang\u0131n\u0131 \u0130zmir’e \u00e7ok \u015fey kaybettiren ve hala bir\u00e7ok gizemi i\u00e7inde ta\u015f\u0131yan bir felakettir. \u015eehrin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kay\u0131plar\u0131n yan\u0131nda e\u011fer Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131 yok olmasayd\u0131, \u0130zmir’in 21. Y\u00fczy\u0131l’a ekonomik ve ticari anlamda ikinci bir Hong Kong olarak girece\u011fi muhakkakt\u0131r.\r
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(1) \u00dclker, Necmi “The Rise of \u0130zmir”, s. 107, Michigan 1974\r
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(2) Flandin, Eug\u00e8ne “L’Orient” (4 vol), Paris 1853-76\r
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(3) Dumont, Jean – Baron de Carlscroon “Noveau Votage du Levant etc. Par le Sieur D. M. Contenant ce qu’il a V\u00fb de Plus Remarquable en Allemagne, France, Italie, Malthe et Turquie, etc.”, s. 269-270, La Haye 1694\r
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(4) Dearborn, Henry “A Memoir on the Commerce and Navigation of the Black Sea and the Trade and Maritime Geography of Turkey and Egypt …” (2 vol), Boston 1819\r
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(5) Michaud, Joseph et Poujoulat, Joseph “Correspondance d’Orient” (7 vol), Paris 1833-1835\r
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(6) Valon, comte Alexis de “Une Ann\u00e9e Dans de Levant, Voyage en Sicile, en Gr\u00e8ce et en Turque”, Paris 1850\r
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(7) Yaranga, Olaf ?19. Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n \u0130lk Yar\u0131s\u0131nda Frans\u0131z Gezginlerin Anlat\u0131mlar\u0131nda \u0130zmir”, \u0130zmir 2000\r
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(8) Reynaud, Charles “D’Ath\u00e8nes \u00e0 Baalbek (1844)”, s. 50, Paris 1985\r
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(9) Deschamps, Gaston “Sur Les Routes d’Asie”, s. 139, Paris 1894\r
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(10) Frangakis-Syrett, Elena “18. Y\u00fczy\u0131l’da \u0130zmir’de Ticaret (1700 – 1820)”, s. 48, \u0130zmir 2006<\/i>\r
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Related Images:<\/h3>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bir\u00e7ok dost ya da okur uzun zamand\u0131r “Bir\u00e7ok ara\u015ft\u0131rmada Frenk Soka\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n s\u00f6z\u00fc ge\u00e7iyor. Y\u0131llard\u0131r da bu ad\u0131 duyar\u0131z. Ama bu soka\u011f\u0131n nerede oldu\u011funu bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[34],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64913"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=64913"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64913\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=64913"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=64913"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=64913"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}