{"id":101534,"date":"2019-11-29T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-11-28T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/?p=101534"},"modified":"2020-07-04T09:54:10","modified_gmt":"2020-07-04T06:54:10","slug":"izmirde-binek-taslari-ve-modern-at-yarislari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/2019\/11\/29\/izmirde-binek-taslari-ve-modern-at-yarislari\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130zmir’de binek ta\u015flar\u0131 ve modern at yar\u0131\u015flar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

<\/a>1950’li y\u0131llara kadar, \u00fclkemizin di\u011fer kentlerinde oldu\u011fu gibi \u0130zmir’de de bakabilecek g\u00fcc\u00fc olanlar binek olarak at beslerlerdi. At sahibi olmak bir gurur vesilesiydi. Konak’taki Guraba-i M\u00fcslimin Hastanesi’nin alt katlar\u0131 doktor ve di\u011fer personelin atlar\u0131na ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Kent y\u00f6neticilerinden, Levantenlere ve s\u0131radan insanlara kadar ata binen ki\u015filerin fazla olmas\u0131 kentin bir\u00e7ok yerine “Binek ta\u015flar\u0131” konmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirmi\u015fti. At\u0131n yeminden, ko\u015fumuna, nal\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ak\u0131lmas\u0131ndan, hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011falt\u0131m\u0131na kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sekt\u00f6r i\u015f ba\u015f\u0131ndayd\u0131.
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\nT\u00fcrklerde rahvan at\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k<\/b>
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\n<\/a>T\u00fcm T\u00fcrk topluluklar\u0131nda at kutlu bir varl\u0131kt\u0131r. S\u00fct\u00fcnden \u00e7e\u015fitli i\u00e7ecekler ve yiyecekler yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, sunulacak en \u00f6nemli kurban olarak da bilinir. Manisa Da\u011f\u0131 \u00e7evresinde yerle\u015fmi\u015f “Sancakl\u0131 y\u00f6r\u00fckleri” bir dire\u011fe oturtulmu\u015f at kurukafas\u0131n\u0131 ba\u011f ve bah\u00e7elerine koyarak, nazardan korunduklar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrler. At nal\u0131 asmak da ayn\u0131 anlam\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r. Eski T\u00fcrk takviminde “At y\u0131l\u0131” (Yund) vard\u0131r. Manisa’n\u0131n Soma ve K\u0131rka\u011fa\u00e7 ile \u0130zmir’in Menemen, Bergama ve K\u0131n\u0131k il\u00e7eleri aras\u0131nda yer alan da\u011flar da “Yunt” (At) ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r.
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\nRahvan T\u00fcrk at\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc ve binicisini en k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede, en uzak mesafeye, en az enerji ile yormadan ula\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 sava\u015flar\u0131n kazan\u0131lmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir etkendir. T\u00fcrkler, tarih boyunca bar\u0131\u015f zamanlar\u0131nda da \u00e7e\u015fitli at yar\u0131\u015flar\u0131 d\u00fczenleyerek biniciliklerini geli\u015ftirirlerdi. At \u00fczerindeki oyuncular\u0131n de\u011fnek f\u0131rlatarak oynad\u0131klar\u0131 “cirit” veya “c\u0131da” asl\u0131nda bir sava\u015f oyunudur.
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\n<\/a>T\u00fcrkler yar\u0131\u015flarda da rahvan ko\u015fan atlar\u0131 tercih etmi\u015flerdir. At rahvan ko\u015farken bir yan\u0131ndaki iki baca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ayn\u0131 anda ileri atar. Binici i\u00e7in en rahat ve sarsmayan ko\u015fma bi\u00e7imidir. “Rahvan ko\u015fan at\u0131n \u00fczerinde kahve i\u00e7sen d\u00f6k\u00fclmez” derler. T\u00fcrkler bu atlarla k\u0131talar a\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. At\u0131 rahvan y\u00fcr\u00fcr hale getirmenin \u00f6zel bir \u00e7aba gerektirdi\u011fi s\u00f6ylenir. Tay bir ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7ince arka ayaklar\u0131na yirmi\u015fer dirhem (65 gram) a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kur\u015funlar tak\u0131l\u0131rsa, 2-3 ay sonra at rahvan y\u00fcr\u00fcmeye ba\u015flarm\u0131\u015f. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde yap\u0131lan “Rahvan at” yar\u0131\u015flar\u0131na sadece yerli \u0131rklar kat\u0131l\u0131r ve olduk\u00e7a ilgi g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Di\u011fer at yar\u0131\u015flar\u0131na g\u00f6re kazan\u0131lan \u00f6d\u00fcl miktar\u0131 az olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, sevilerek yap\u0131lan t\u00f6resel yar\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u00d6d\u00fcl alanlara al bayra\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n verilmesi de bu yar\u0131\u015flar\u0131n g\u00fczel bir gelene\u011fidir.
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\n\u0130ngiliz yar\u0131\u015f atlar\u0131<\/b>
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\n<\/a>Modern yar\u0131\u015flarda d\u00f6rtnal ko\u015fan atlar tercih edilir. D\u00f6rtnal ko\u015fan \u0130ngiliz at\u0131n\u0131n atas\u0131 Byerley Turk, White Turk ve Yellow Turk ad\u0131ndaki T\u00fcrk rahvan atlard\u0131r. \u0130ngiliz “Thoroughbred” \u0131rk\u0131n\u0131n temel \u00fc\u00e7 ayg\u0131r\u0131ndan birincisi olan Byerley T\u00fcrk, atlarda cesaret ve h\u0131z\u0131n sembol\u00fc olarak hakl\u0131 bir \u015f\u00f6hret kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Byerley T\u00fcrk, hayat\u0131n\u0131n ilk 8-10 y\u0131l\u0131 sava\u015f meydanlar\u0131nda ge\u00e7mi\u015fti. Bu at, bir Osmanl\u0131 subay\u0131 olan sahibi ile 1683 y\u0131l\u0131nda II. Viyana ku\u015fatmas\u0131na kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, esir d\u00fc\u015fen seyisi ile birlikte, Y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131 Robert Byerley taraf\u0131ndan al\u0131n\u0131p, \u0130ngiltere’ye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Byerley Turk, yeni sahibi ile Kral III. William’\u0131n \u0130rlanda seferine ve Boyne Meydan Sava\u015f\u0131’na da kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, cesareti ve dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile sahibinin ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 10-12 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki Byerley Turk, ilk olarak 1690 y\u0131l\u0131nda yar\u0131\u015f ko\u015fmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, \u0130ngiliz soylular\u0131 ve zenginlerinin, e\u015fleriyle birlikte kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yar\u0131\u015flarda \u015fampiyonluklar kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.
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\n\u0130zmir’de modern at yar\u0131\u015flar\u0131<\/b>
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\n<\/a>Levanten (Do\u011fulu) ad\u0131 verilen az\u0131nl\u0131klar \u0130zmir’in sosyal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkilemi\u015flerdi. Onlar\u0131n d\u00fczenledi\u011fi at yar\u0131\u015flar\u0131 alafranga ya\u015fam\u0131n g\u00f6stergelerinden biriydi. 1849 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130zmir – Ayd\u0131n demiryolu yap\u0131m\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda imalat\u0131n \u015eef Direkt\u00f6r\u00fc Monseur Pionche at\u0131 ile gezerken; Buca’da bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Hipodrom’un bulundu\u011fu alan\u0131 ke\u015ffetmi\u015f ve “Bu alanda \u00e7ok iyi at yar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r” d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesini \u0130ngiliz el\u00e7isi Mr. Patterson ile payla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Levantenlerin at merakl\u0131lar\u0131 ve Mr. Patterson, yar\u0131\u015flar i\u00e7in \u0130ngiltere’den atlar ve jokeyler getirmi\u015f, yar\u0131\u015f atlar\u0131 i\u00e7in Buca’da ah\u0131rlar kurmu\u015f ve yar\u0131\u015flar d\u00fczenlemi\u015flerdi. At yar\u0131\u015flar\u0131 \u00e7ok ilgi g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f, \u00e7evre il ve il\u00e7elerden gelen merakl\u0131lar atlar\u0131n\u0131 yar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Hipodromun bulundu\u011fu alana, \u00f6nceleri “Paradiso” (Cennet) denirken, daha sonra “K\u0131z\u0131l\u00e7ullu Mesire Yeri” ve nihayetinde “\u015eirinyer Hipodromu” ismi verilmi\u015ftir.
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\n<\/a>T\u00fcrkiye’de ilk d\u00fczenli at yar\u0131\u015flar\u0131 23 Eyl\u00fcl 1856’da \u0130zmir’de ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu yar\u0131\u015flar sadece \u0130zmir gazetelerinde de\u011fil, \u0130stanbul gazetelerinde de b\u00fcy\u00fck ilgi g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. 6 Temmuz 2012 tarihli The Washington Post Gazetesi’nde “Andrew Beyer”, Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn “At yar\u0131\u015f\u0131 modern toplumlar i\u00e7in sosyal bir ihtiya\u00e7t\u0131r” s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc hat\u0131rlatarak T\u00fcrkiye’deki devlet kontrol\u00fcndeki at yar\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyaya \u00f6rnek g\u00f6stermektedir. Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn bu s\u00f6z\u00fc hemen her at yar\u0131\u015f\u0131 organizasyonunda bir giri\u015f slogan\u0131 olarak yer almaktad\u0131r.
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\n<\/a>19 May\u0131s 1919 g\u00fcn\u00fc Mustafa Kemal, Band\u0131rma vapuruyla Samsun’a do\u011fru yola \u00e7\u0131karken yan\u0131nda on sekiz arkada\u015f\u0131 vard\u0131r. Band\u0131rma vapurunda binek olarak iki at da bulunmaktad\u0131r. Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda da b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6revler \u00fcstlenmi\u015f olan atlar, Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn g\u00f6z bebe\u011fiydi. Bu nedenle de at\u0131na “Sakarya” ad\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015fti. Atat\u00fcrk, Ulusal Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n en zorlu g\u00fcnlerinde bile at yar\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczenlenmesine \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etmi\u015f, 1920’de Ankara Tren \u0130stasyonu yan\u0131ndaki 1600 metrelik bir alanda at yar\u0131\u015flar\u0131 d\u00fczenletmi\u015fti. \u0130ngiltere yar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda “Derby” ne ise, 1927 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana “Gazi Ko\u015fusu” da T\u00fcrk yar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve en \u00f6nemlisidir. Gazi Ko\u015fusu’nun arma\u011fan\u0131, Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn at \u00fczerindeki g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f heykelidir.
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\nAt \u00fcretimi ve hipodrom<\/b>
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\n<\/a>At, herkes taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ok sevilen, zeki ve sad\u0131k bir can yolda\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. Ata binme tecr\u00fcbesini ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f, at\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 bir kez ok\u015fam\u0131\u015f olan ki\u015fi; bu hayvan\u0131n asaletine ve duygulu davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131na hayran kal\u0131r. At sevgisi \u00e7o\u011fumuzun y\u00fcre\u011fine \u00e7ocuk ya\u015flarda d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Hangimiz bir \u00e7oma\u011f\u0131 at yaparak mahalle aralar\u0131nda ko\u015fu\u015fturmad\u0131k? Hangimiz lunaparka gitti\u011fimizde en \u00f6nce atl\u0131kar\u0131ncaya binip, atlar\u0131n s\u0131rt\u0131nda uzaklara u\u00e7up gitmedik?
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\nAt \u00fcretimi \u00f6zel bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma alan\u0131 haline gelmi\u015ftir. \u00dcretim, anne aday\u0131 “k\u0131srak” ile uygun baba aday\u0131 “ayg\u0131r” se\u00e7imiyle ba\u015flar. \u00c7iftle\u015fme i\u015flemine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan ki\u015fiye “k\u0131yak\u00e7\u0131” ad\u0131 verilirken, i\u015f; “k\u0131yak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k yapmak” olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. “A\u015f\u0131m” denen \u00e7iftle\u015fme i\u015fleminin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesini takip eden yakla\u015f\u0131k 11 ayl\u0131k gebelik s\u00fcresinde yap\u0131lacak titiz veterinerlik takipleri sonucunda d\u00fcnyaya gelen tay, art\u0131k bir “yar\u0131\u015f at\u0131” aday\u0131d\u0131r. <\/a>Safkan Arap at\u0131 3 ya\u015f\u0131nda, \u0130ngiliz at\u0131 ise 2 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken 6-8 ay s\u00fcrecek bir e\u011fitime ba\u015flan\u0131r. Bu g\u00fczel yarat\u0131\u011f\u0131n do\u011fumundan “start alabilme” (ko\u015fmaya ba\u015flama)” d\u00fczeyine kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre\u00e7te bak\u0131m\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6zen gerektirir. At do\u011fumundan seyircisiyle tan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na kadar y\u0131llar ge\u00e7er.
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\nAtlar\u0131 sevenler, ailece g\u00fczel bir hafta sonu ge\u00e7irmek isteyenler, “\u015eirinyer Hipodromu” alan\u0131 i\u00e7ersinde se\u00e7kin atlar\u0131n yar\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 seyrederken, \u00e7am korulu\u011funda piknik yapma olana\u011f\u0131 da bulurlar. Dostluklar\u0131n\u0131n peki\u015fmesini sa\u011flayan bulu\u015fmalar her hafta sonu tekrarlan\u0131r. \u0130zmir de at yar\u0131\u015flar\u0131na ilgi; tarihsel ge\u00e7mi\u015fine uygun olarak \u00e7ok yo\u011fundur. \u00d6zellikle hafta sonlar\u0131 \u0130zmirli yar\u0131\u015f severler hipodromu doldururken, ailelerinin k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bireyleri de atla tan\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ve ata binmenin keyfini s\u00fcrerler.
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\n<\/a>\u0130zmir \u015eirinyer Hipodromu, 485 bin metrekare alan\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde kum ve \u00e7im yar\u0131\u015f pistleriyle, 5 bin ki\u015filik modern trib\u00fcn ve salonlar\u0131, bah\u00e7esindeki ve salonlar\u0131ndaki b\u00fcfe ve restoranlar\u0131, \u00e7am a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 ile \u00e7e\u015fitli bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcne sahip bah\u00e7e ve piknik alanlar\u0131, otopark\u0131, trenle ula\u015f\u0131m kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunan tesisi ile hizmet vermektedir. Hipodroma gelen ki\u015filer, g\u00fcn\u00fcn yakla\u015f\u0131k 3-4 saatinde ko\u015fular\u0131 keyifle izlerler veya trib\u00fcnle, padok (at gezdirmeli\u011fi) aras\u0131nda birka\u00e7 kilometre y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f yaparlar, as\u0131rl\u0131k \u00e7am a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kaplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 alanda ci\u011ferlerini temiz havayla doldururlar. Yar\u0131\u015f severler tabiat\u0131n i\u00e7erisinde keyifli ve belki de kazan\u00e7l\u0131 bir g\u00fcn ge\u00e7irmenin mutlulu\u011funu ya\u015farlar.
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\n\u00dclkemizde ilk olarak \u0130zmir’de ba\u015flayan modern at yar\u0131\u015flar\u0131, vergi kayna\u011f\u0131 olmas\u0131 yan\u0131nda; bilime, e\u011fitime, k\u00fclt\u00fcre, \u00fcretime, yat\u0131r\u0131ma, dinlenceye ve hizmet alanlar\u0131na da \u00f6nemli bir getiri sa\u011flamakta, verimli bir i\u015f kolu olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Related Images:<\/h3>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1950’li y\u0131llara kadar, \u00fclkemizin di\u011fer kentlerinde oldu\u011fu gibi \u0130zmir’de de bakabilecek g\u00fcc\u00fc olanlar binek olarak at beslerlerdi. At sahibi olmak bir gurur vesilesiydi. Konak’taki Guraba-i […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[55],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101534"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=101534"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101534\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=101534"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=101534"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kentyasam.com.tr\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=101534"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}